Exact(8)
end{aligned} (86 For any choices of (-1variances given in units of (sigma _{a}^{2}) (so (sigma _{a}^{2}=1)).
Specifically, with variances given by and, respectively.
Alternatively, the actual additive and dominance variances, given the observed genotypes in each base population, can be computed and Ve can be adjusted exactly for the base population.
It can also be shown that to the order of o(Δ t), these random noises are uncorrelated with one another and have variances given by: where I0 t) = J0 t) = N t).
To evaluate which of the ratios R1 and R2 was most appropriate, we assessed which one explained a greater proportion of the variation when regressing the numerators on the denominators of the respective ratios, weighted by the inverse of the appropriate variances given above.
The expectation maximization is defined by two iterative steps: E-step: update an estimated posterior probability that the local maximum i belongs to cluster k: M-step: update the cluster mixing probability, and variances, given the new parameters in the previous step: where and where The Expectation Maximization algorithm iterates until there is no significant change in the likelihood.
Similar(52)
However, this difference is not statistically significant as a two-sample t-test with equal variances gives a result of Pr (|T| > |t|) = 0.1455.
Testing for a difference in the variances gives a significant p-value (p = 0.002, paired-variance test, n = 30).
The Levene's test for homogeneity of variances gave a p value less than 0.0005, and we therefore performed a two-way ANOVA for reference only.
t-test adjusted for nonequal variances give similar, but attenuated results.
The difference between these two variances gave an estimate of −0.05 for the gametic phase disequilibrium covariance.
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