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Too little variance in dominance judgments may have remained unexplained by content and these other acoustic parameters for D f to explain a significant portion.
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Acoustic parameters and verbal content explained 20 50% of the variance in perceptions of dominance and attractiveness.
It depends on the variance σ Q 2 in dominance relationships (about its mean of ¼) and the covariance between dominance and additive relationships, covRQ.
The potential use of dominance variance in planned matings was also investigated.
explained a significant portion of the variance in judgments of social dominance.
Exploitation of dominance variance in assortative matings was promising and did not appear to severely compromise additive genetic gain.
We estimated variance components, including dominance variance, in a dataset of genotyped Bavarian Fleckvieh cows, analyzed the predictions of breeding and total genetic values using cross-validation, and predicted total genetic values of specific matings.
Several studies have estimated epistatic or dominance variance in livestock using traditional pedigree information (e.g., [ 3- 7]) and reported a small but significant non-additive variance.
Moreover, Misztal et al. [ 3] reported estimates of dominance variance in US Holstein cattle for 14 conformation traits that ranged from 7.3 (rump angle) to 22.3% (strength) of the total genetic variance.
Estimates of dominance variance in dairy cattle that are based on pedigree data range from 7.3%to49.8%8% of the total genetic variance for conformation traits [ 2, 3] and from 3.4% to 42.9% for milk production traits [ 4- 6].
Estimates of dominance variance in dairy cattle based on pedigree data vary considerably across traits and amount to up to 50% of the total genetic variance for conformation traits and up to 43% for milk production traits.
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