Sentence examples for variance between populations from inspiring English sources
Under this approach, which is used in all models of group selection prior to 1978, small sample size is needed to get a large genetic variance between populations (Wade 1978, p. 110; see discusssion in Okasha 2003; 2006).
The observed phenotypic variance between populations after t generations is = 4.28, and the variance within populations is σ = 10.47.
Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was performed to estimate the variance between populations and among accessions within populations, also implemented in the Arlequin 3.5 software.
It is also possible that variance between populations and species is under selection but that variance between males is drifting neutrally.
The rate test requires information on observed phenotypic variance between populations after t generations and the variance within populations σ,heritability h, time since divergence t measured in generations, and effective population size Ne.
To look for genomic signatures of selection, we applied a method (previously developed for datasets unrelated to the current study) that relied on multi-locus heterozygosity within and F ST variance between populations (Additional file 1: Figure S2) [ 19].
Correlations of segment variances between populations are large if the DGAT1 segment is included since the proportion of variance explained for this QTL is very large compared to all others, as seen from Table 3 and Figure 1.
Furthermore, our heritability estimates of susceptibility to bTB using a linear model did not vary considerably across the populations investigated (beef, dairy, cows, heifers, steers); differences in estimates were due to a combination of differences in residual and genetic variances between populations.
Population genetic evidence suggests that most worldwide genetic variance in humans is seen within populations and only a small percentage of variance exists between populations or between countries.
Of the significant FST values, Lake Apoyo has by far the largest variance partitioning between populations.
In MBS, 57 % (p-value =0.0002) of the variance was between populations and 16%% (p-value =0.01) between families within populations.
