Objective function (1) minimizes the total cost consisting of the sum of the fixed hybrid collection/inspection center location costs, the fixed recovery center location costs, the fixed costs of employing vehicles, variable transportation and processing costs and penalty cost, when arrival time for a node is not in the determined time window, in first echelon.
The main contribution of this study is to minimize the sustainable supply chain cost of the system by jointly considering the multi-level delay-in-payment, variable carbon emission cost, and variable transportation cost under the single-setup-multi-delivery policy.
The impact of three typical accessibility variables, transportation, population, and economic accessibilities, are considered in the approach.
Man and animals are exposed to a large number of biological and environmental factors like alterations in feed and husbandry practices, climatic variables, transportation, regrouping, the therapeutic and prophylactic activities, various stressors, and so forth.
The human population density map was used as an input variable because transportations of wooden and plant materials were assumed to most probably end in densely populated areas.
In this PRD case study, three "accessibility" variables, including transportation, population, and economy accessibilities, are defined as impact factors as investigating the intercity rail transit scope (measured by length).
Moreover, comparison results confirm that by consideration of fuzzy tactical decision variables, total transportation cost and other related results will be improved because of flexibility of decisions for strategic stage.
A convection diffusion model for wildfire ignition potential is developed by grouping the anthropogenic factors as "global" and "local" variables, where city or population interactions are global variables and the transportation corridors are local variables.
Factor analysis is also used to define mediator variables reflecting citywide transportation network features and dependent variable of traffic safety.
Traffic volume is a fundamental variable in several transportation engineering applications.
However, automation through self-driving technology will cause massive disruption to this industry of personal mobility with the variable cost of transportation declining to almost nothing.
