The best known examples of this are a load configuration consisting of two fixed loads, one of which is constant with time and the other cyclically variable ("Structural ratcheting at stationary load position and varying load level").
In the case of variable loads, progressive deformation (ratcheting) can occur as soon as the elastic limit is exceeded in the structure.
In all these examples, a constant primary load is always required (forces in Figs. 1, 2, internal pressure in Fig. 3) in order to establish a ratcheting mechanism together with a second, variable load.
Both models are discussed below for diploid and triploid Amazon molly along with the impact of a variable dominance coefficient h on quantifications of Muller's ratchet.
Progressive deformation (ratcheting) can occur as a response to variable loads as soon as the elastic limit is exceeded.
Host populations may show variable defense levels across localities, indicating different levels of defense ratcheting in different community contexts. .
The old cliche puts Istanbul as somewhere between east and west, but Cukurcuma ratchets up the variables - this is a district of east and west, old and new, trendy and bygone... often all within the same shop.
Ratchet forward 40 years.
This creates a ratchet effect.
