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dIn model 2, family background variables (same variables in Base Model 1) and other related variables including grades, types of schools, monthly consumption expenditure levels, academic achievement levels and family social economic status were adjusted.
It's taking a fixed expenditure and turning it into a variable expenditure.
These factors make the expenditure levels of several decades ago inapplicable today.
Households with lower expenditure levels had a greater likelihood of receiving no healthcare compared to those with higher expenditure levels.
Throughout this paper, this variable is referred to as "household expenditure" or "expenditure level".
But if you're a CFO, you'll have to decide whether you like consistent or variable expenditures.
This is denoted as E[Pr MTM i |p i, p j, )], the expected probability of CA adoption in country i when the policy variable takes on a different combination of EFR or subsidy-expenditure levels.
Various specifications of the dependent variable (pharmaceutical expenditure) were used: total pharmaceutical expenditure, Per capita district pharmaceutical expenditure, pharmaceutical expenditure per district health facility and pharmaceutical expenditure per outpatient department visit.
Due to this often variable, high level of energy expenditure, attention to fueling and dietary intake is crucial to maximize the desired adaption from training and to enhance recovery.
Household-level variables included an income-related variable (household expenditure); social position characteristics (indigenous heritage and head of household's education); and household-specific structural factors (size of the household and sex of the head of the household).
The dependent variable was ANA level.
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