There are multiple challenges with heterogeneous ADCs including analytical challenges, batch-to-batch consistencies, the stability of the ADC, and the potential for variable pharmacokinetics if conjugation sites in some antibodies interfere with normal FcRn-mediated recycling (Beck et al., 2017).
Additionally, the glycosylation site is sufficiently far from the variable region that conjugation to attached glycans is unlikely to impact antigen binding.
Interestingly, the predominant presence of Vml acetyltransferases on plasmids in gram-positive bacteria versus their typical chromosomal location in gram-negative bacteria suggests that the genes encoding these variable proteins likely spread via conjugation and possibly equip gram-positive bacteria with resistance to Vml antibiotics [137].
Throughout this paper, the letter C will stand for a constant that may vary at each occurrence but that is independent of the essential variables and p' be the conjugation of p satisfying 1 p + 1 p ′ = 1.
It consists of five main functional modules, including replication, partition, conjugation, transfer leading and variable regions.
The 70,057 bp plasmid pKF3-70, commonly found in Klebsiella pneumoniae, is composed of five main functional modules, including regions involved in replication, partition, conjugation, transfer leading, and variable regions.
This method can also be used for site-specific conjugation of the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from mAbs (Madej et al., 2012).
These conjugations are problematic, however, because they produce products that are heterogeneous in two regards illustrated here for lysine conjugation: first, the product population contains conjugates with a variable drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR).
Conventional antibody conjugation methods generate antibody-drug conjugates that are heterogeneous mixtures with undefined stoichiometry and variable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
The expression of the moment can be understood this way: given a particular type of modulation, do the symbol variables elevated to the power (with optional conjugation specified by the operator ) gives a constant result?
