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In contrast, Tagami et al. [19] performed propensity score and instrumental variable analyses using a Japanese nationwide administrative database (matched cohort of 1140 pairs) and reported that treatment with recombinant thrombomodulin did not reduce mortality among patients with pneumonia-associated DIC.
For the instrumental variable analyses, using maternal iron concentrations outside of pregnancy is not a major limitation as the genetic variant will have resulted in subtle differences in iron status throughout the woman's lifecourse including during pregnancy.
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The relationship between categorical variables was analysed using the χ test and the association of categorical variables with continuous variables analysed using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests.
For simplicity, these were primarily used as dichotomous variables, although secondary analyses, using variables in a continuous fashion are also reported.
Observations missing values for a variable were not included in analyses using that variable.
Relationships between cortisol measures and psychosocial variables were analysed using dummy-variable linear regression models.
Each udder variable was analysed using Proc Mixed in the SAS Analysis System (Proc Mixed, SAS,1999).
The 'AUDPC' variable was analysed using a linear mixed-effect model (LME).
Continuous variables were analysed using crunch and the categorical variable "diving behaviour" was analysed with brunch.
Analyses using continuous variables for these outcomes produced similar findings.
We also performed analyses using categorical variables (i.e., tertile).
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