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To empirically evaluate the psychometric properties of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15); determine the optimal cutoff points and screening performance for the detection of major depression; and examine differential item functioning (DIF) to determine the variability of item responses across sociodemographics in an elderly home care population.
All but three items showed satisfactory item difficulty and variability of item responses was higher than 0.5 in all items.
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Variability of items was described with range of 25%-75%-75%centiles.
Out of 14 QUADAS items, item 1 (spectrum composition) and item 2 (selection criteria) are about the variability of studies, item 8 (index test execution), 9 (reference standard execution) and 13 (uninterpretable test results) are about the quality of reporting, the rest of the items are about the bias of studies.
The variability of the items presented SD values that ranged between 1.06 (for item n° 9) and 1.84 (for item n° 7: "I am endangering my health in pursuing good results in my studies").
This study identified items that could be specific to brain-injured patients and found that the variability of physiologic items was poorly assessed by clinicians.
No items had > 90% of participants reporting the same level of need, indicating reasonable variability of responses within items.
Statistical analysis included assessment of item variability, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), scale structure (factor analysis), and correlations between the DASS and demographic variables, clinical characteristics, and scores on the above scales.
Further, it seems that when multi-array stimuli are used [as in Fagot et al. 2001 (baboons), Wasserman et al. 2012 (rats), and Young and Wasserman 1997 (pigeons)], a simple measure of item variability can explain the behavior of the animals.
They differ essentially on the variability of the input items.
Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis was applied in order to assess the variability of the 12-item AQ across gender and samples.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com