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The logic of this step is that the variability within a dataset consists of both experimental error and variability introduced by the biological variables of interest.
To account for the additional variability introduced by the two‐step nature of the estimation process and by estimating the IV, the estimates are bootstrapped (with 500 replications).
One of the objectives of the Soil Moisture Experiments 2004 (SMEX04) was to address some aspects of this problem, specifically variability introduced by vegetation, topography and convective precipitation.
These methods result in a richer profile of VOCs, however, they may also add potential contaminants to the urine samples, result in increased variability introduced by manually processing the samples and promote degradation of metabolites due to extreme pH levels.
The aeronomy community is well on its way to separating ionospheric variability introduced by driving from below and from the magnetosphere and Sun above, an essential task toward achieving predictability of space weather.
Split-sample measurements were performed to measure variability introduced by DNA extraction.
A similar approach was used to evaluate variability introduced by sampling and target preparation protocols (Fig. S2B).
A non-invasive means to quantitatively measure an embryo's developmental maturity would reduce the variability introduced by the current standard.
Nonetheless, there is a need for an absolute quantification method to measure SMN mRNA in order to remove variability introduced by the use of endogenous controls to normalize data.
We observed that in spite of variability introduced by experimental conditions and different microarray platforms, our meta-analytical approach can distinguish biologically distinct normal tissues by clustering them based on their cell of origin.
Screening with the GFP-tagged reporter offers a technical advantage over endogenous Shank1 staining because the GFP fluorescence necessarily stems from the neuron transfected with the RNAi constructs and reduces experimental variability introduced by immunostaining.
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