Sentence examples for variability in cadmium from inspiring English sources

Figure 4a shows the spatial variability in cadmium.

This study is the first to evaluate, on a population level, the variability in cadmium kinetics using paired individual data on dietary intake and urinary excretion.

This allowed, for the first time, the assessment of the between-person variability in cadmium TK at the population level, hence allowing the derivation of a robust model to be used in risk assessment.

A population one-compartment model allowed integration and quantification of the between-person variability in cadmium TK, in particular, the population mean half-life of cadmium in the kidney.

In addition to potential residual confounding by smoking, other limitations of our study include measurement error due to within-person variability in cadmium and creatinine excretion in single spot urine samples, and the limited study power to evaluate some causes of mortality.

Dietary assessments are always subjected to misclassification due to the difficulty of reporting diet correctly and, although the used mean concentrations of cadmium in specific foods in some cases were based on several hundred measurements, we may not account for all the variability in cadmium content in the reported food.

Current data thus suggest metal transporters could be one of the determinants of cadmium body burden a factor that may explain the variability in blood cadmium levels observed by Björkman et al. (2000) in a cohort of 61 monozygotic and 103 dizygotic twin pairs.

The interday variability in dietary cadmium intake could not be directly estimated from the data.

We did not prespecify the intraindividual variability in urinary cadmium; instead, we performed a sensitivity analysis on the final model to assess the consequence of assuming such an additional interoccasion variability.

We might, however, not have full access to all interday variability in the cadmium intake as assessed by the FFQ; instead, we estimated and accounted for the population variability in the half-life of cadmium in the kidney, in addition to the intraindividual intake variability that we fixed at 25%.

We based the study on premenopausal women, known to have greater variability in toxicokinetics of cadmium due to a higher prevalence of low iron stores [ 24] and a generally higher cadmium body burden than men.