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In such cases, interindividual variability, background disease processes, and coexposures may explain the observed linearity.
Current dose response models could be refined to include more explicit consideration of population variability, background disease incidence, and background exposures.
In addition, each prototype will seek, to the extent feasible, to evaluate human variability, background health end point incidence, adaptation, and exposures to similar chemicals.
Topics included the need for formalized approaches and criteria to assess the evidence for mode of action (MOA), the use of human versus animal data, the use of MOA information in biologically based models, and the implications of interindividual variability, background disease processes, and background exposures in threshold versus nonthreshold model choice.
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Considering its spatial and temporal variability, geochemical background represents the natural concentration range of an element in a given environmental medium [24].
Thresholds to detect foreground were set independently for each measurement to account for possible variability in background staining.
Variability of background present in blanks.
Other studies have also shown a high variability in background values [ 29, 31, 46, 53, 54].
2) In Figure 2, I am surprised by the substantial variability of background uptake in the absence of the protein.
How does an understanding of variability in background biological status (e.g., susceptibility or sensitivity, genetic or otherwise) affect our interpretation of an upstream event?
In initial studies we performed aCGH analysis using oligonucleotide microarrays (Affymetrix 50 K SNP array), but observed significant experimental variability and background noise with our WGA4 amplified DNA samples.
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