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The RDS causes cuticular deformities and retards growth, leading to lower production efficiency and reducing the market value of harvests by 10%to50%0% [ 4, 5].
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To calculate net income, harvesting costs were subtracted from the roadside value of harvested trees.
In this case study, 3 different rulesets are aggregated to determine the output value of harvest-health.
On the contrary, removing the smallest trees from the stand may lead to significant (30 40 %) reductions in the net present value of harvest incomes.
Then, by setting the result value of harvested power as the benchmark level of three other schemes under their relative minimum required SINR of IR, we obtain the average total transmit power of the three other schemes.
This paper studies the impact of harvesting, property, and profit taxes on private rotation age in an ongoing rotations model, where the private landowner is interested not only in the present value of harvest revenue, but also in the private amenity services provided by the forest stand.
Distribution patterns of earthworm abundance, species, and ecological categories were analysed by constrained ordination procedures (redundancy analysis; CANOCO) using a set of environmental variables as predictors, such as CN value of harvest residues, SOC and Nt content, soil pH, soil texture, and land-use intensity.
Outputs Economic profit measured by net present value Volume of harvested timber Berry yields Carbon balance Scenic beauty index Habitat area of Siberian jay.
The net incomes from timber harvesting were calculated as the difference between the roadside value of harvested wood and the harvesting cost (Rummukainen et al. 1995).
The incomes from timber sales were calculated as the difference between the roadside value of harvested trees (Table 2) and harvesting costs.
The low values of harvested volume per cut in Diepholz reflect the projected volume accumulation.
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