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For the human leg, we define the leg pitch value as the angle leg rotates around the axis X G, and the leg pitch value equals to zero when the leg is parallel to the gravity vector.
Pairs of individuals with kinship value equals to zero are pairs unrelated relatively to the time scale considered or related but without enough genealogical information available to support the relationship.
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Nearly zero electricity demand unusual consumption, U zero, is the demand, which remains a very low value equal to zero at any time interval (t in T) or for some duration of time intervals.
Second, many observations have a value equal to zero for the dependent variables (Wiersema and Bowen 2008).
For instance, at the state Closed, the door affects the noise level with a value equal to zero.
In the pre-expansion CBCT, the frequency and width of the openings were given a value equal to zero.
A SAM value equal to zero denotes the absence of spectral distortion, but radiometric distortion may be present (the two pixel vectors are parallel but have different lengths).
We formulate the asymmetric CCEiCP as another nonlinear programming problem NLP2, and show that any global minimum of NLP2 with an objective function value equal to zero is a solution of the asymmetric CCEiCP.
Therefore, at ({mathbf{x}} = k{mathbf{a}}) the vectors ({mathbf{x}}_{{mathbf{u}}}) and ({mathbf{x}}_{{mathbf{v}}}) vanish both, and the quadratic function (7) reaches its global minimum value equal to zero.
In this section, we derive the nonlinear programming problem formulation NLP2 of the asymmetric CCEiCP, and show that any global minimum of NLP2 with an objective function value equal to zero provides a solution of the asymmetric CCEiCP.
We formulate the asymmetric CCEiCP as another nonlinear programming problem NLP2, and show that any global minimum of NLP2 with an objective function value equal to zero provides a solution of the asymmetric CCEiCP.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com