In total, 25 characteristics of TTO were derived that may influence the valuations obtained by the TTO method (Tables 1, 2, 3).
The algorithm by Shmueli was based on valuations obtained from representative samples of the Israeli Jewish population [ 16], while Lundberg's algorithm was based on valuations from the Sweden populace [ 14].
Previous studies have shown that health state valuations obtained directly from affected populations are often higher (that is, health is rated as better) than those obtained from unaffected populations asked to make hypothetical judgments.
We combine the use of factor analysis with the valuation data obtained by contingent valuation survey.
In the environmental economics literature the stated preference approach has come to be known as "contingent valuation" as the "valuation" estimated obtained from preference information given the respondent is said to be "contingent" on the details of the "constructed market" for the environmental good put forth in the survey.
While first results on Minkowski valuations were obtained in the 1970s by Schneider [52], they have become the focus of increased interest (and acquired their name) more recently through the work of Ludwig [32,34].
We recorded the health measurement instrument used, the technique used for valuing health states, and the groups of individuals from whom quality of life data and valuations were obtained.
Items 12 and 13 are appropriate for cost-utility analyses (where health states are valued in terms of utility) and there were four such studies [ 27, 35, 51, 78], only one of which gave details on the subjects from whom the valuations were obtained [ 35].
Two stated preference methods are used, namely choice experiments and contingent valuation, to obtain estimates of the social benefit from soil erosion reductions under two different methodologies.
However, in this scenario, their category is changed from being a negative green space to a positive green space in the hedonic valuation after obtaining the lakes.
