Sentence examples for validly and invalidly from inspiring English sources

Validly and invalidly cued trials were presented intermingled in different blocks containing 50%, 75%, or 100% valid trials.

We first establish that the cueing procedure embedded in the RSVP stream had the intended attention-orienting effects by comparing detection performance on the validly and invalidly cued targets.

Note that TMS was applied shortly after target onset here because validly and invalidly cued trials only differ once the target appears at the cued or uncued location.

Figure 2 shows that RTs and muscle-specific CSE changes are influenced by both entropy and surprise, although here we plot these data for validly and invalidly cued trials.

Critically, the number of validly and invalidly cued trials in each block varied randomly across the experiment, containing either 85%:15%, 70%30%%, and 55%45%% of valid-invalid trials, respectively.

Crucially, however, we showed that the initial orienting of attention is not affected by reward, since in the short-delay condition, the difference between validly and invalidly cued conditions was similar for high- and low-reward conditions (see Fig.  2).

We used a modified Posner cuing task (Posner, 1980) with a central endogenous cue to measure reaction to validly cued, neutral, and invalidly cued targets.

Each block consisted of 48 trials, which were equally split (but randomly varying) into validly versus invalidly cued and short versus long cue target delay trials.

The combined expectancy paradigm used here is a variant of a classic Posner cuing paradigm (Posner, 1980) in which subjects are validly or invalidly cued to the spatial and feature characteristics of upcoming stimuli.

In total, four phosphene thresholds were determined via MOBS for each participant: for left and right hemifields, with each either validly or invalidly cued, respectively.

Between-groups comparisons of spatial and response cueing revealed no significant between-group differences at either validly or invalidly cued locations (all ps >.40).