At issue in the case, United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, No. 98-1682, was the validity of Section 505 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996.
The validity of Section 3501 had not come before the court until now because no administration, of either party, sought to apply it.
A year earlier, in Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1 v. Holder, a municipal district in Austin, Tex., challenged the validity of Section 5, a core provision of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
The Supreme Court is expected to take a major voting-rights case from Alabama this term, at which time it will reconsider the importance and validity of Section 5.
Recent molecular phylogenies have shown that subgenus Urostigma is polyphyletic, but have strongly supported the validity of section Americana as a discrete group (although its exact relationship to section Galoglychia is unclear).
This appeal questioned the constitutional validity of section 15 of the Misuse of Drugs Act, and one of the issues that had to be decided was the interpretation of the word law in Article 9(1).
In 1994, ABVA first challenged the constitutional validity of Section 377 IPC in Delhi High Court.
The alliance took over the case of challenging the constitutional validity of Section 377 of IPC through public petition (once filed by ABVA in 1994).
Moreover, not only did Novartis challenge India's decision to reject its patent application for Glivec, but it also questioned the validity of Section 3 d) under the TRIPS Agreement.
Rasch modelling, a form of item response theory (IRT) that transforms ordinal scores into interval-level estimates [ 19, 20] (in logit units), was used to test construct validity of the sections 3 and 4 through the assessment of threshold ordering, unidimensionality, and targeting.
