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We found that the patient's unrelieved pain, symptoms of the urinary tract, oedema, constipation, vomiting and disrupted sleep owing to urinary tract symptoms, gave relative risks for the widows anxiety and depression close to 1.0, indicating that a general over-reporting cannot explain our findings (further validity discussion is given below).
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A number of methods to determine protein content in commercial preparations have been proposed, but their validity is discussable (see Discussion section later on).
To strengthen the content validity several discussions were held between four of the authors during the analysis process.
We compared the visual effect of a phase-scrambled image with the average error energy in order to demonstrate the validity of the discussion in Section 3.3.
Although our results have been obtained using two different methods, their general validity merits some discussion.
Only once there was consensus on the important criterion of content validity did the discussion move on to which of the named scales identified in the systematic review met the criteria for content validity AND standards for validity in other areas.
We would like to thank an anonymous reviewer for the idea of integrating the discussion about validity into our manuscript.
Overall, we conclude that these four items show theoretical MtL content validity based on the discussion outlined above, and thus proceed to test their construct validity.
In a discussion of validity in writing assessment, Pamela Moss and colleagues call for attention to ethical "IDAs" that constitute assessment: interpretations, decisions, and actions.
Although future construct validity studies are needed, discussion is focused on the importance of using specific designed measures to evaluate and develop Gray's model.
We address three issues in our discussion: (i) validity of the assay protocols that we have used; (ii) interpretation of the specific results for the substances that we have tested here; and (iii) general questions concerning the use of model systems for testing the chronic effects of substances that are used medically or recreationally for long periods by human subjects.
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