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We then summarised study validity by using the five binary criteria that most usefully discriminated between studies (randomisation, representativeness, comparability, measurement, and use of statistical test).
Furthermore, the identification of patients with the five chronic diseases in question was achieved with high precision and validity by using the unique Danish CPR number as link between the LV-KOS population and the Danish national registries [ 23– 25].
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Content validity was assessed by using the Content Validity Index, with an acceptable rating level [ 46].
Construct (convergent and divergent) validity was investigated by using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient and a factor analysis was performed.
Study 2 was designed to check the internal consistency after conducting the revisions and also validity analyses, mainly by using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ; Goodman, 1997).
Reliability and validity were investigated by using the average score on the first two DCSs to address RTM.
Construct validity was established by using the extreme groups method [ 21], by conducting an exploratory factor analysis, and by conducting item analyses to assess the relationship of each individual item to the instrument's overall scale and hypothetical subscales.
In Study 3, the criterion validity was assessed by using the Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis to test the association between Malay-MCDASf and the CFSS-DS.
Finally, we evaluated the predictive validity of this model by using the root mean square (RMS) error and RMS percentage error criterion (Makridakes et al. 1998).
Because the Z-method is prone to overestimating the Tm in some systems2, in order to verify its validity, we also calculate Tm by using the two-phase method with NPT ensemble (TPM-NPT 20. TPM-NPT 20
The validity of delayed coincident technique by using the state of the art electronics with application of novel data sampling and analysis methods are discussed.
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