Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(5)
Exact(13)
We study the mental health of graduate students at Economics PhD programs in the U.S. Using clinically validated surveys, we find that 18% of graduate students experience moderate or severe symptoms of depression and anxiety — more than three times the population average — and 11% report suicidal ideation in a two-week period.
Where possible, survey items were taken directly from, or based on, validated surveys [ 55- 58].
Additional measures included validated surveys of self-efficacy, social support, PPC, and diabetes self-care behavior.
Several questions within this section were drawn from previously validated surveys [ 15].
Validated surveys assessed CAM use (I-CAM-Q), health literacy (REALM-R), and demographic information.
We developed the study questionnaire based on previously validated surveys of nurses' knowledge of, willingness to adopt and attitude toward OHC [ 18- 21].
Similar(47)
We attempted to minimise measurement bias by establishing face validity and content validity of the tool, given the absence of a previously validated survey on managing patients with advanced cancer in ED.
We used previously validated survey tools on illness beliefs and medication adherence self-efficacy, but the validation was not done in an Afro-Caribbean population and these scales may not accurately reflect true perspectives of our target population [17, 18].
Self-reported nutrition-related behaviors were assessed using a previously validated survey for low-income adults.
To achieve this, a survey was conducted with a number of Australian AED firms, using a validated survey instrument developed elsewhere.
Methods: We modified a previously validated survey tool1 and anglicised the language.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com