In this paper, we present a newly developed and validated, situation-based instrument to assess pre-service and in-service teachers' PCK of business and economics.
Arguably, methodical approaches for analyzing and validating situation analysis methods, decision support models, and information fusion algorithms require realistic vignettes that describe in great detail how a situation unfolds over time depending on initial configurations, dynamic environmental conditions and uncertain operational aspects.
Clearly if d | n t for some t ∈ N then g. c. d. ( d, n - 1 ) = 1, so that the conjecture is validated in this situation.
However, most of these systems have been validated with simple situations (e.g. non-noisy data).
Besides, the formulas are not validated for all situations of clinical practice.
The validated 15 item short form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was selected because it was specifically developed for use with older people and has been well validated in residential situations [ 24].
The use of this correction formula was validated in different situations, such as re-warming and re-cooling, and in exercise tests in conscious telemetered beagle dogs, and the applicability of the formula in dogs and humans under different circumstances was further investigated by a comparison with published data.
The experts' strategies were validated in a training situation and evaluated by two independent studies among novice workers.
The instrument has been translated and validated for the Dutch situation [ 28].
Although the case for dose addition is validated in ecotoxicology, the situation is not so clear-cut in human toxicology.
In contrast, those researchers that do attempt to measure L2 aptitude more objectively are confronted with an enormous number of (commercial or noncommercial) tests, subtests, and measures, most of which have never been adapted or validated for the experimental situation.
