Self-report of missteps in older adults: a valid proxy of fall risk?
So we should accept these self-reports as a valid proxy for what we care about.
By comparing P fractions of soil and recent lake sediment samples, these fractions are shown to be a valid proxy for landscape-scale nutrient status.
This small-number sample may serve as initial evidence that the measured return intention is a reasonable and valid proxy for actual return behavior.
It is concluded that SST is a more valid proxy than MST for predicting laboratory ˙VO2max based on the current procedures, while both tests are sufficiently reliable in healthy male adults.
Sekara and Lehmann [29] studied how to deploy the electronic datasets as a valid proxy for real life social interactions, and found that the strength of electronic signals can be used to distinguish between strong and weak friendship ties.
However, developing a complete indicator of competition intensity on a RoRo route is beyond the scope of this paper; including the number of service providers is in our view a valid proxy.
We found that distance to nearest settlement is a valid proxy variable for prediction of biomass loss from fuelwood collection (p < 0.001) and total subsistence wood extraction (p < 0.01).
The generated change metrics, derived via temporal and spatial analysis of the annual BAP composites, were an important precursor to the generation of valid proxy values, and – importantly – provide valuable information for the further assessment and understanding of land cover and land cover change.
This test is based on the (common) assumption that sexual dichromatism is a valid proxy for the intensity of sexual selection [e.g.41], [42].
However, female mate choice decisions are made in response to perceived symmetry and masculinity, so ratings that reflect these perceptions are a biologically valid proxy for use in preference studies.
