This equation is valid for times later than some time point t∗ (typically t∗≈15 to 20 min post injection (p.i).).
Equation 5 is valid for times t > T∗ where T∗ ≈ 20 to 30 min p.i.. Utilization of this equation for K m determination requires measurements of the TRF only for t > T∗ but measurement of the complete AIF starting at time zero.
The cox.zph function used to plot the weighted Schoenfeld residuals is valid for time-varying covariates; however, the software assumes the variance of the time-varying covariate is constant over time [ 16].
The expected number of offspring of one individual after time t given it initially had fitness x is (6) R (x, t ) = e x t − σ 2 t 2 2 + D t 3 3 This approximation is only valid for times short compared to the coalescence time T c, but it offers important insight into the dynamics of lineages: Initially, the lineage grows into a clone with rate x.
Capacity levels are defined as available maximum capacities (e.g., workforce, machines, shelves, etc. that determine the maximum quantity produced or stored at a location within one time period), which are valid for single time periods of the planning horizon and can develop in any sequence.
The mean number of valid minutes for time without fever (temperature >33°C and <45°C) in the first four hours (240 minutes) was 219 for children receiving paracetamol, 211 for ibuprofen, and 202 for paracetamol plus ibuprofen.
The solutions are derived on the basis of the ray theory, the normal mode theory, and a hybrid formulation which combines these two theories to generate a solution valid for short time and near field as well as long time and far field.
Moreover, since our main results in Section 4 are valid for arbitrary time scales, similar interval oscillation criteria can be obtained by considering other particular time scales.
For our study, a prospective study design would also have limitations because HRQOL may change between the time of data capture and fracture and thus may no longer be valid for the time of fracture.
