13 To ensure valid comparison across countries, questionnaires must demonstrate cross-cultural equivalence.
For systematic reviews, no guidance exists for what review methods support valid conclusions of equivalence (EQ) and noninferiority (NI).
The table shows the input/output conditions, the valid and invalid (equivalence) classes and the boundary values.
Six of the cost-minimisation studies relied on citations of previous work for health outcomes data; in five of these the authors cited their own work in the same clinical settings[ 25- 29], and one study cited a very similar setting[ 30], therefore these citations were taken as valid evidence of equivalence.
The results show that TMB/SMB equivalence is valid only for conditions that do not violate the regeneration/separation regions and that the transient behaviour of the four columns SMB can resemble more the TMB.
By the start of the 21st century, all observations and experiments on gravitation had detected that there are no deviations from the deductions of general relativity, that the weak principle of equivalence is valid, and that the inverse square law holds over distances from a few centimetres to thousands of kilometres.
Such assumption of equivalence is valid only if the composition of VLDL, in terms of C and TG, is in a ratio of 1/5.
The intuitive connections between some and every noted earlier are reflected in the fact that the following equivalences are valid:(∃x)ϕx ≡ ∼(∀x)∼ϕx (∀x)ϕx ≡ ∼(∃ x)∼ϕx These equivalences remain valid when ϕx is replaced by any wff, however complex; i.e., for any wff α whatsoever,(∃x)α ≡ ∼(∀x)∼α and(∀x)α ≡ ∼(∃ x)∼αare valid.
Thus, if the principle of equivalence were not valid, the accelerations of Earth and the Moon toward the Sun might be different.
This equivalence is only valid on the surface, and thus, interpolation is used to enforce what is known as the side condition away from the surface.
