Pre-vaccination samples were run in parallel with the post vaccination samples, and calculation of growth inhibition was determined by using the formula: % inhibition = [1−[(OD immune serum−OD RBC)/(OD pre-immune serum−OD RBC)]]×100.
Before vaccination, samples were collected from 24 randomly selected turkeys for further analysis.
Negative controls were incubated in lymphocyte medium alone (no antigen) and lymphocytes from pre vaccination samples incubated in medium with or without influenza antigen.
To limit variation due to effects of the vaccine regimen on the CD4 target cells, a single population of target CD4 cells was generated for each individual; where available this cell population was generated from the baseline, pre-vaccination sample.
Informative sites (i.e. non-singletons) are considered unlikely to be artefacts of the sequencing procedure, since one would not expect the same error to occur more than once, and all informative sites in the pre-/early-vaccination sample are also informative sites in the post-vaccination sample.
No significant immune responses were detected in samples from pre-vaccination samples.
Antibody levels were not analyzed for pre-vaccination samples, samples collected part way through a vaccination series or for pre-boost samples.
To determine the level of cellular immune responses at the end of the follow-up period, 52-week post-vaccination samples were examined, (BCG∶BCG n = 12, BCG∶MVA85A n = 13).
The phage was harboured by 78 percentage of group B, 96% of group C and 44% of non-groupable isolates, these figures differing by less than 7% between pre-and post-vaccination samples.
Meningococcal isolates containing the MDA phage were more likely to be isolated from invasive disease than from carriage in the whole data set (OR = 4.9; 95% CI 3.6 6.7) with no significant difference in the pre- and post-vaccination samples (1999: OR = 3.9, CI 2.6 5.8; and 2001: OR = 6.7, CI 3.9 11.4).
For each volunteer, matched pre- and post-vaccination samples were tested simultaneously using frozen PBMCs.
