Furthermore, it is possible that without vaccination, populations escaping early infection with the pandemic virus will experience more rapid spread or greater disease severity when eventually infected.
However, the linear fitting in our study was performed against data extracted from three publications in which this risk of bias is not present or negligible: the two modelling studies compared the post-vaccination population against a pre-vaccination population [ 24, 29], and the vaccine efficacy reported in the one observational study statistically corrected for this bias [ 11].
Current rates of influenza vaccination by population group are shown in the Table (1 ).
Different control strategies involving anti-rabies vaccination and population culling were developed, considering control application rates, spatial extent and timing.
However, this ecological study will investigate the impact of vaccination on population disease burden within a health system; therefore, an ecological study is appropriate.
We use mathematical models to simulate routine and mass oral cholera vaccination in populations with varying degrees of migration, transmission intensity, and vaccine coverage.
Understanding differences in immune response to vaccination between populations is likely to be an important aspect of developing successful vaccines and vaccination strategies.
In the case of meningitis, response is mostly treatment of those ill and vaccination of populations near a victim (e.g., those in the same village).
However, countries continue to face challenges to fully implement influenza vaccination in populations at risk.
Prevalence of past or current HBV infection and of HBV vaccination-induced immunity was calculated in two vaccination target populations.
