The second opportunity for measles vaccination aims at reaching children who were not vaccinated through RI and to protect children who did not seroconvert with the first dose.
ID vaccination aims to exploit the abundance of antigen presenting cells (APCs) found within the skin; that is dermal dendritic cells (DDCs) in the dermis and LCs in the epidermis.
Group 3 includes autoantigen and/or DNA vaccination aimed at inducing nasal or oral tolerance.
Therapeutic vaccination aimed at eliciting the patient's immune system represents an attractive alternative therapy for HBV [ 24, 25].
Mass vaccination aims to: (i) reduce susceptibility to infection; (ii) reduce infectiousness if infection occurs; (iii) reduce the probability of developing clinical symptoms.
In addition, we recruited APCs more efficiently into the peritoneal cavity by the injection of thioglycollate broth (TGB) before each vaccination, aiming to improve subsequent DNA uptake.
Programmes of vaccination, aimed at reducing the burden of cervical cancer, may also help to reduce the incidence of cancers of the vulva, vagina and anus in women.
While routine vaccination aims at providing immunization to every child before its first birthday, supplemental immunization widens protection to groups of children aged between 0 and 5 years, that may have been missed out by routine immunization.
They should be able to counter-argue inaccurate arguments regarding the risks posed by the vaccination and those posed by the diseases that the vaccination aims at preventing, highlighting the disadvantages of missed or late pediatric immunizations.
With the recent development of culture methods for propagating DC on a large scale from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (Caux et al, 1992; Sallusto and Lanzavecchia, 1994), vaccination aimed at efficient production of CTL with tumour-antigen-loaded DC represents a potentially powerful strategy to induce tumour rejection (Young and Inaba, 1996; Nestle et al, 1998).
