The Caesarean section (C-section) rate is used as an indicator for availability and utilization of life-saving obstetric services.
A decrease in the utilization of life-sustaining drugs was also found in an international Cochrane review including 21 studies [ 35].
The number of Caesarean sections (C-sections) as a percentage of all births is used as an indicator for measuring availability and utilization of life-saving obstetric services [ 2].
Thus, the selection of appropriate outcome measures that directly relate to healthcare utilization, quality of life, caregiver burden, and pharmacoeconomic analysis has been difficult.
Other secondary end points will be pulmonary artery catheter associated complications, resource utilization, quality of life measures, and patient preferences regarding survival.
One study reported no differences in subgroups in terms of service utilization, quality of life, and the caregiver's emotional satisfaction between male and female patients [ 36].
Only four studies [ 29, 30, 33, 35] examined health status, health care utilization, quality of life or drop-out rates using objective measures.
We consider that is important to raise ethical issues for health-related professionals on the utilization of aggressive life-sustaining interventions at the final stages of elderly patients' life at surgical ICUs.
Studies of health care utilization in end-of-life care differ between regional areas and have yielded interesting results [ 30- 34] such as differing utilization pattern depending on available health service resources in rural versus urban areas.
Little is known about PRT utilization by end-of-life (EOL) cancer patients in Canada.
In order to focus on ED utilization among end-of-life malignant cancer patients, the following criteria were identified: (1) emergency cases were excluded if they had used the services of emergency departments but their insurance numbers were not valid for tracing.
