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Effective utilization of iron slag in reinforced concrete could be an interesting method for the aforementioned waste disposal with the added advantage of conservation of natural resources and as an economically viable alternative.
On the other hand, utilization of iron for weapons put arms in the hands of the masses for the first time and set off a series of large-scale movements of peoples that did not end for 2,000 years and that changed the face of Europe and Asia.
Bordetella growth studies determined that FbpABp was required for utilization of not only unchelated iron, but also utilization of iron bound to both native and xeno-siderophores.
Copper is involved in the formation of red blood cells, the absorption and utilization of iron, the metabolism of cholesterol and glucose, release of life sustaining proteins and enzymes.
Iron is a major limiting nutrient in microbial growth, and pathways for the efficient uptake and utilization of iron are essential virulence factors in pathogenic bacteria [42].
These abnormalities point to a defective utilization of iron for biosynthetic processes taking place in the mitochondria, in particular ISC synthesis.
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Further analysis of the C. variabile DSM 44702 genome sequence revealed the presence of 29 genes with predicted functions in the utilization of iron-siderophores, named either siu (siderophore-iron utilization protein) or sii (siderophore-iron interacting protein).
Adequate copper intake permits the normal utilization of dietary iron, as intestinal iron absorption, iron release from stores (e.g., in the macrophages of the liver and spleen), and iron incorporation into hemoglobin are copper-dependent processes.
The impregnation oxidation-precipitation process was economical and maneuverable due to the usage of air, no need of nitrogen protection and higher utilization efficiency of iron.
With the implementation of the design in the mining industry, by 2016, the comprehensive utilization rate of iron (Fe), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti), and phosphorus (P) will be increased by 16.22%, 75.72%, 1653.60%, and 387.56%, respectively.
Pathogenic bacteria have evolved various iron acquisition mechanisms for the utilization of extracellular iron sources, with siderophore secretion and uptake being one of the most effective systems.
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