Elevated subsurface temperatures will enhance the groundwater's heating potential, and it may therefore be possible to utilise groundwater for heating even in a region where the groundwater is naturally cold.
Hence, G values describe the potential heating power that could be utilised from flowing groundwater.
Because GWHP systems are internationally recognised to utilise renewable energy, and groundwater is easily exploitable from shallow sedimentary aquifers, it is an attractive option for energy use and should also be recognised in Finland.
However, the Hungarian Great Plain is also the place where recent climate and surface soil moisture conditions are generally not adequate for forests; therefore, most forest ecosystems can survive only by utilising subsurface water surplus from shallow groundwater.
This shallow groundwater should, however, be seen as a valuable resource, which can be utilised via capillary rise (i.e. sub-irrigation).
Additionally, many recharge studies have utilised existing infrastructure that may not be ideal for this purpose (e.g., wells with long screens that sample groundwater several kilometres from the recharge area).
Groundwater fares little better.
There are 23 groundwater basins.
Groundwater is constantly in motion.
