This estimate includes 223 in usually single-copy genes (Hsp22, Hsp23, Hsp26, Hsp27, DnaJ-1, Hsp68, and Hsp83), with the balance in Hsp70, which is always multi-copy.
The quality and completeness of the transcript assembly was evaluated using Transrate [ 194] by comparing it to the transcripts and proteins in the Sorghum bicolor genome [ 195], and with CEGMA [ 196], which identifies a set of 248 highly conserved, usually single-copy, eukaryotic genes.
After that, the symbiont presents its dividing shape for 3 h when the host protozoan usually presents single copy structures.
Although MosSCI usually generates single copy inserts, the oxSi91 transgene was a rare event specifically selected for high expression and likely represent the insertion of multiple copies.
This could be a problem for stable transfectants where usually a single copy of the cloned sequence is present in each cell and thus, the gene silencing efficiency could be compromised.
The advantage of the integration vectors over freely replicating plasmid vectors are the very low copy number (usually single or two copies integrated in tandem), the ease of construction of plasmids, which can be done in E. coli, and the simple method of plasmid transfer into Streptomyces via conjugation [ 5].
Sequencing of mammalian genomes, including primates, rodents and others shows that ~90% of genes have been preserved, usually as single copies without duplication, disruption or deletion, since their last common ancestors.
An unusual observation is the presence in the GDI genome of two copies of the chaperonin genes groES (GDI2050, GDI2648) and groEL (GDI2049, GDI2647), which are usually present as single copy in bacteria.
Dlx (Distal-less) genes have various developmental roles and are widespread throughout the animal kingdom, usually occurring as single copy genes in non-chordates and as multiple copies in most chordate genomes.
We further inspected our transcriptome assembly using CEGMA, which has a set of 248 highly conserved eukaryotic genes that are usually present as single copy genes in many species.
