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Since Sabin strain LSc 2ab (Sabin 1), the poliovirus used for human vaccination, is usually replicated in monolayer culture cells of human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD), human larynx carcinoma (Hep-2C), or Buffalo green monkey kidney (BGM) (7 ), we injected these cell lines with a 0.22-µm membrane-filtered whole extract of the hepatopancreas of shrimp (Penaeus stylirostris) affected with TSV.
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In ducks, IAVs usually replicate in the epithelial cells of the intestinal tract and are excreted at high concentrations from the cloaca into water [2] [4].
Most species are host-specific facultative anaerobes and do not usually replicate in the environment (18 ).
28, 29 As betaretrovirus usually replicated and spread in lymphocytes prior to reaching their target organ, 9 it is conceivable that removal of these infected lymphocytes may directly impact on disease.
Although this approach may include a certain risk to overlook more transient effects, the effects that we have reported previously could usually be replicated in independent studies (Kaiser and Lutzenberger 2003, 2005a), arguing in favor of such a conservative approach.
Field experiments are usually replicated at multiple sites.
These associations usually cannot be replicated in other samples from close populations, as they are at some distance from the disease susceptibility locus and their haplotypes may have departed from the common ancestors in the first sample used due to recombination.
Circular DNA in transformed T. cruzi usually replicates as an episome of head-to-tail repeats of the input construct [ 21].
Based on studies in yeast, it has been shown that Pol δ and Pol ɛ usually replicate the leading and lagging strand respectively [ 6,7 ].
Usually the crystal is rotated slowly, so that inhomogeneities in the liquid are not replicated in the crystal.
These colonies were replicated in the medium of interest in transparent 96-well plates and grown until saturation (usually 1 2 days).
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