Various factors, including some of those mentioned above as possible reasons for non-response at the consent stage, might have moderated the usually positive effect of pre-notification, on response rates at the questionnaire stage.
The few papers that explicitly linked immigrants' ethnic/national identities to their life satisfaction usually found positive effects of strong majority identities and negative effects of strong minority identities on subjective well-being (Boski 1989; Phinney et al. 2001; Bartram 2011).
The enhancing interactions usually enhanced positive effects on phenotype and tended to take a particular form.
Also, mutagenic carcinogens usually produce positive effects in multiple test systems for different genetic end points, particularly gene mutations, and in tests performed in vivo that generally are supported by positive tests in vitro.
Furthermore, gender differences in rewards are responsible for the observed gender wage gap, i.e. while the effects of labor market characteristics are usually positive, the effect of coefficients are negative over the entire wage distribution, and, quantitatively, the second effect is more important than the first one.
These data are somewhat unexpected, as usually a positive effect on proliferation is accompanied by a negative effect on differentiation and the opposite.
Usually, the studies report positive effects of exercise training in memory tasks and cognitive functions, in older adults with mild cognitive impairment26,27, glucose intolerance28, and Alzheimer's disease29.
Positive effects are usually mediated via better indoor air quality and decreased dampness through improvements in ventilation and increased thermal comfort through better insulation [ 5].
Dominance effects were usually positive for grain yield and plant height but always negative (leading to earlier flowering) for silking date.
"The unfortunate thing is, most of them thought it was beneficial for applicants to have that flag, because when admissions officers looked at the applicant's experience, and saw that a person had achieved all that despite a disability, it usually had a positive effect".
