Although both Wilcoxon rank-sum and permutation tests are nonparametric tests, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test uses only rank information, while the permutation test uses the variance information that arises when defining t-test statistics.
This is because it cannot suppress strong noise and preserve weak details of information only using the variance criterion.
This is how portfolio variance, using the variance covariance method, is done.
Liu and Chen [25] proposed a background modeling method, in which the background similarity using the mean and variance information is adopted to identify the background image.
The variance components were estimated using the average information restricted maximum-likelihood algorithm (Jensen et al. 1997), as implemented in the software package dmu (Madsen et al. 2006).
In addition, most nonlinear design approaches involve assuming normality of the posterior distribution and approximate its variance using the expected Fisher information matrix.
Additive genetic and residual variances were estimated using the average information restricted maximum likelihood procedure.
Unlike PCA that normally uses only two or three PCs for display purposes, cluster analysis uses all the variance or information contained in the original data set.
It uses variance information to project the original data into a new coordinate system, principle component system.
Estimated posterior genetic variances showed a narrow HPD95% interval, indicating a high precision of the estimates using the molecular information.
