To build the matrices, each outlook has a utilization matrix constructed for it and then singular value decomposition (SVD) is performed, as to align the marginal distributions, using the utilization matrices.
Statistical analyses were performed in R. In the scatterplot comparing He in humans and chimpanzees, kernelUD from the adehabitatHR package [ 133] was used to estimate the "utilization distribution" of the scatterplot by microsatellites from each group; the contour containing 92% of the distribution, smoothed using the least-square cross-validation option, was subsequently plotted.
To quantify space-use sharing by pairs, we calculated the utilization distribution overlap index [UDOI; Fieberg & Kochanny, 2005] of nightly core areas of simultaneously followed individuals.
Kernel home range techniques were used to estimate home range size and boundaries, and to quantify the utilization distribution (UD), which is a spatially explicit, topographic mapping of how different areas within the home range are used.
We delineated core areas and calculated the utilization distribution overlap indices in R [R Core Development Team, 2012] using the code provide by Vander Wal & Rodgers [ 2012] and the package "adehabitatHR" [Calenge, 2006], respectively.
Nevertheless, by integrating the times spent by an animal in the various parts of its home range (HR) over the long term, the utilization distribution (UD) can provide effective complementary information about habitat use [9].
First, we developed a new econometric model for dental services utilization that closely represents the data distribution and allows for differential effects of risk factors on different facets of the utilization distribution (i.e. the use of dental services and the type and amount of care received).
Use of these areas was characterized using a utilization distribution (UD) of the number of positions per grid cell.
Ninety-five perconfidencedence intervals (95% CI) for utilization rates or mortality rates were obtained using the Poisson distribution.
In order to generate the trend in medicine utilization, DrugA supply dates were randomly generated using the following distribution functions; uniform distribution for no trend, the log-normal distribution for a rapidly increasing trend, weibull distribution for a constant increasing trend and gamma distribution to simulate a gradual increasing trend in DrugA.
