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The proposed technique allows the cognitive node to access the channel simultaneously with the primary node by using the unused primary spatial directions.
An appropriate space alignment design enables the CR node to access the common destination simultaneously with the primary node without affecting the primary performance by using the unused primary eigenmodes.
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It detects the unused frequency bands, and then CR users can be allowed to utilize the unused primary frequency bands.
By using an appropriate precoding design, the cognitive node aligns its transmitted signal to the unused primary eigenmodes and ensures an orthogonality between the primary and the cognitive links.
In addition, the average number of the unused primary eigenmodes can be written as (13).
where the matrix models the unused primary subspace (eigenmodes) and is an diagonal matrix with entries (9).
An appropriate space alignment concentrates the cognitive transmission to the unused primary spatial eigenmodes (with ) and enables a positive cognitive rate without affecting the primary performance.
They used the unused variable-length code (VLC) for AC coefficients by applying a map from the unused codes to used codes.
CR users can capture and use the unused spectrum bands called spectrum holes [3].
An adsorption isotherm was created using the "length of unused bed" concept.
After that, use the dry, unused oatmeal and pour it into the mixture.
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