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Zhu and Milanfar [34] measured sharpness using the singular values of a gradient image.
Zhang et al. [38] calculated a difference vector between the reference and distorted images using the singular values of wavelet decomposition.
Gaurav and Balasubramanian [24] embedded a watermark into the reference image by modifying the singular value of the reference image using the singular values of the watermark.
complex Gaussian entries with zero mean and variance σ H 2. BD is performed with the imperfectly estimated H ^, and therefore the power allocation is determined using the singular values obtained with this estimation error.
The primary reason of using the singular values in matrix decomposition is their robustness to defects in the matrix elements, which is not a case of own values in non-symmetric matrices [31].
Due to using the singular values of four sub-band coefficients LL, HL, LH, and HH to embed the watermark, the watermark can be embedded in a total of 7 bits.
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Composition matrices for different hydrological conditions are analyzed by using the singular value decomposition technique.
The overdetermined system of linear equations is robustly solved using the singular value decomposition (SVD) method.
We then calculate the closest orthonormal basis to B using the singular value decomposition.
Rank reduction is achieved by using the singular value decomposition (SVD).
The theoretical control properties of those schemes were obtained using the singular value decomposition technique in all frequency domain.
More suggestions(15)
using the above values
using the key values
using the singular points
using the optimum values
using the observed values
using the singular eigen-expansions
using the numerical values
using the respective values
using the quantized values
using the absolute values
using the mean values
using the optimal values
using the current values
using the singular vectors
using the imputed values
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