The evaluation was carried out after 18 months using the same examination setting, criteria, tools and examiners.
Study design: We examined 312 subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus, aged 7 to 18 years, using the same examination method and criteria as in studies of 515 subjects in this age group carried out between 1976 and 1978 for whom primary data were available, including age, duration of diabetes, and LJM stage.
A prevalence of hypospadias at 3 months of age was found to be 1.03% among Danish live-born boys (Boisen et al. 2005) using the same examination procedure as in this study.
They used the same examination protocol as Conlon and co-workers [ 26] (referred above), and had the same very high study quality (89% positive checklist items [Additional file 1]).
After receiving the designated 8-week therapy, all patients were re-evaluated using the same clinical examinations, questionnaires and NCSs.
Using the same paradigm, an examination of several recent publications, summarized in Table 2, reveals inconsistent results between PPARα agonists, paradoxes between mRNA and protein expression, strain, gender, and species differences in response to the same chemical, and time-dependent differences in response (Fan et al. 2003, 2004; O'Brien et al. 2001; Poole et al. 2001).
All 11 living patients (case 13 died at the end of the study) were examined using the same protocol consisting of physical examination, including several anthropometric measurements, chest radiograph, abdominal ultrasound, spirometry, expert ophthalmic examination and blood and 24 h collected urine analysis.
Indeed, our spectroscopic data were acquired using the same protocol at each examination for each patient.
We were able to reevaluate 175 of the 197 subjects (89%) from 2004 until 2007 using the same clinical and electrophysiological examination to identify incident cases of diabetic neuropathy.
The same result has been confirmed by other groups using the same approach, suggesting that US examination should not be limited to symptomatic joints only [ 25].
When new symptoms are reported, focused standardized physical examinations are performed to examine that body part using the same methods as the baseline examinations.
