All specific primers were designed by using the primer analysis software (Oligo 6.6, Molecular Biology Insights).
Oligonucleotide primers were designed using the primer analysis software OligoCalc [ 57] and Primer-BLAST [ 58].
Primers were designed based on H. armigera COI sequences deposited in GenBank (AY437834, AY437835, AF467260) using the primer analysis software Oligo 6.4 (Molecular Biology Insights, Ins).
Primer pairs in the predicted exon regions were designed to amplify across predicted intron regions using the primer analysis software, OLIGO v. 6.7 (Molecular Biology Insights, Cascade, Chico, CA, USA).
The primers were designed using the primer analysis software Oligo 6 (Molecular Biology Insights, Cascade, CO), DNASIS (version 7.00; Hitachi Software Engineering, South San Francisco, CA), or Primer Express Applied Biosystemss, Foster City, CA).
Oligonucleotide primers were designed using the primer analysis software Oligo 6 (Molecular Biology Insights, Cascade, CO), DNASIS™ (version 7.00; Hitachi Software Engineering, San Francisco, CA), and Primer Express® (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA).
Primers for qRT-PCR were designed using the Primer 3 Quantification analysis software (see Table S1).
Initially, we performed PCR analysis using the primer pair Aa orfX3'F1 and Aa lktC5'R1.
The transcriptional levels of puc and Wnt5 were analyzed using SYBR Green-based qPCR analysis with primer pairs from FlyPrimerBank, validated using the same primer analysis procedure and acceptance criteria described previously.
The primers for PCR and minisequencing were designed using the Oligo Primer Analysis software v6.65 (Molecular Biology Insights Inc., Cascade, CO, USA).
Primer and fluorogenic probes were designed using the automated primer analysis software, Primer Express PE Applied Biosystemss).
