Sentence examples for using the precursor solutions from inspiring English sources

Fig. 5 Photovoltaic parameters of the solar cells using the precursor solutions with different mole ratios.

Figure 6 shows the current density-voltage (I-V) curves of the best solar cells using the precursor solutions with different mole ratios.

Therefore in the present study, MAPbI3-xClx-based solar cells were fabricated using the precursor solutions containing different mole ratios of PbCl2, and CH3NH3I.

The solar cells based on MAPbI3-xClx were fabricated using the precursor solutions containing the mole ratio of 1 3, 1.05 3, 1.1 3, and 1.15 3.

A few groups have fabricated MAPbI3-xClx solar cells using the precursor solutions containing excess PbCl2 to investigate its effect on the performance of solar cells based on the I-V measurement with single scan direction [18, 21 23].

While in the present study, CH3NH3PbI3-xClx-based solar cells were fabricated using the precursor solutions containing PbCl2 and CH3NH3I with the mole ratios of 1 3, 1.05 3, 1.1 3, and 1.15 3, respectively.

The high PCE of 11.55% with less I-V hysteresis was obtained using the precursor solution with the mole ratio of 1.1 3.

Aluminum acetylacetonate (0.005 M) dissolved in ethanol was used as the precursor solution.

A theoretical model which describes the mechanism of droplet formation, structures of the complexes used in the precursor solution and hollow AgI particles prepared by the process of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) was investigated.

A polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution containing graphene oxide nanosheets, copper dichloride (CuCl2), indium trichloride (InCl3), and thiourea (Tu). in a mixed solvent of N,N-dimethylformamide/trichloromethane (DMF/CF) was used as the precursor solution for electrospinning.

First of all, the solvent used in the precursor solution to prepare and deposit a layer atop an existing layer should be chosen properly to avoid dissolution of the underlying layer.