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Divergence time trees were inferred using the genetic tree, the unconstrained tree, and the constrained tree.
Additional file 6: Fossil-calibrated divergence time tree generated from the genetic dataset using the genetic tree.
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Using the genetic distance, a neighbour joining tree was constructed that groups genetically similar accessions and separates genetically dissimilar accessions.
The NJ phenetic tree generated using the genetic distance estimates for eight genotypes each from arabica and robusta clearly resolved the tested germplasm in two distinct clusters, one representing all the tetraploid arabicas, while the other comprised all the diploid robustagenotypes with significant branch support.
A maximum parsimony tree was built using the genetic information from the entire mtDNA molecule (excluding the fastest mutational variants).
Trees were generated with the same software using the genetic distance model of Jukes-Vantor with the 'Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean' (UPGMA) tree build method.
It is using the genetic tests in selected circumstances.
A maximum of seven nodal calibration points were used (six for the genetic tree; see Additional file 13 for list of calibration points and age-indicative fossils), along with tip calibration dates (see Additional file 14) for the unconstrained and constrained analyses.
In contrast, the ancestor of crown snakes is unequivocally reconstructed as having originated on Laurasia for the genetic tree using the no-genus distribution (86.45% North America and 13.55% North America + Asia).
These DNA sequences can then be used to create the genetic trees of an entire species.
For this aim, they considered an objective function to minimize the maximum transportation distance related to distribution centers and used the formula of balanced star comprehensive tree; finally, they used the genetic algorithm for solving.
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