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Each mouse received 3 shots (total 9 µg DNA) on shaved abdominal skin using the gene gun with a helium gas of 400 psi.
26 27 30 Groups of mice were immunised once using the gene gun or left untreated.
It has been shown that epidermal DCs in mice can be efficiently transfected by intradermal DNA administration using the gene gun, a biolistic particle delivery system [ 10].
There is currently much interest in using the gene gun for delivery of DNA vaccines into skin and muscle, and in gene therapy e.g. [ 8- 10, 19- 21].
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Dr. Gonsalves used the gene gun, also developed at Geneva, to "vaccinate" the plants.
Gregor et al. [55] and Garcia-Hernandez et al. [56] have used the gene gun to deliver prostate TAAs in murine preclinical studies and these are discussed subsequently.
Thus penetration through skin is ~10x less effective than through the agar blocks we used previously, although, given the potential use of the gene gun for therapeutic applications, a comparison of particle depth through skin is probably a more useful evaluation of this characteristic.
A second physical delivery strategy is the use of the "gene gun", whereby naked DNA is adhered to the surface of gold particles, which are accelerated under high pressure by a ballistic device into the target tissue.
Plant were inoculated with pWSRi vectors using the Helios™ Gene Gun (Bio-Rad Laboratories, InCA HercUSAs, CA, USA).
Jenny Lee were transformed using the PDS-1000/He PDS-1000/Heio-Rad, Hercules, CA, http://www.bio-rad.com) [ 24].
At 3 DIV, slice cultures were biolistically transfected with plasmid-encoding tomato fluorescent protein (TFP) using the Helios gene gun (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) per the manufacturer's directions.
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