Sentence examples for using the fossil calibration from inspiring English sources

The rate analyses were calibrated using the fossil calibration dates given by Ho and Lanfear (2010).

Using the fossil calibration as an Acilius stem-node constraint gave significantly younger ages not congruent with Gondwana vicariance events.

The ages inferred with the two calibrations differ little even for the hummingbird crown age (the deepest node), which is 24 (20.9-28.1) my using the fossil calibration or 25 (23 27) my using the rate calibration.

The split between ancestral Eretini (optimized to Australian region) and ancestral Aciliini (optimized to S. America and Africa) would follow such a pattern and the age using the fossil calibration on the Acilius crown-node was estimated to an interval encompassing that geological age: 95% HPD = 138-88 Ma.

The prior on times was constructed using the fossil calibrations combined with the birth-death process [ 50] with parameters λ = μ = 1, ρ = 0 (representing a uniform distribution of node ages given the root age).

Consequently we followed the method of [ 27] and used the fossil calibration of 33 35 Myr for the split between the genera Channa- Parachanna as a monophyletic stem group (as the fossil Parachanna was not assigned to any modern species).

The estimated divergence time between these two species of 2.7-4.8 Ma using the fossil record calibration is more recent than the 5.7-8.1 5.7-8.1Matestimated2S mitochondrial DNA but still corresponds with the sea level fromtuations and fit with the VPP [ 35].

An exponential prior using a zero offset of 5.58 mya (marking the minimum age) with a mean of 1 was used for the fossil calibration point and a uniform prior with upper and lower bounds either from 53 to 84 mya (A1), 71 to 89 mya (A2) or a combination of both with 53 to 89 mya (A3) [ 24] were fixed prior to analyses.

The dates inferred from our study were obtained based on time calibration using the fossil taxon Archaeanthus (see Methods) as it is generally accepted to represent a minimum age constraint for the stem of Magnoliaceae [ 24, 49, 50, 53, 58, 59].

However, estimations using the fossil as an Acilius stem-node calibration dated the relevant nodes of the tree to be too young for some of these events.

Removing the root calibration altogether led to inflated 95% credibility intervals and older median ages, indicating that the mean used for the fossil calibrations (obtained from 55, see Methods) was not sufficient to provide upper bounds on the node ages.