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First order derivatives: (a) using the forward difference, (b) using the backward difference, (c) using the central difference.
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Only in simulation, in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented ILC approach, we used the forward difference method to discretize the infinite-dimensional systems.
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This paper develops an alternative hierarchy to that given in [2] for difference boundary problems by using the forward Crum-type transformation that was given initially in [1].
The sum of the squared difference of the natural frequencies obtained from modal testing was minimized using the Forward method.
The PCR product was sequenced directly using the forward primer.
Amplicons were purified and sequenced using the forward primers.
For the first point, we use the forward finite difference such that ∇ ( J ( 1 ) ) = J ( 2 ) - J ( 1 ).
By discretizing (p^{prime }(0,t)) in (32) using the first forward difference scheme (Afshari et al.
The forward difference has been used to calculate the derivative sequence of water content to saturation.
Now, using (5.5), (B.13), and the definition of, it follows that the forward difference of along the closed-loop system trajectories is given by (B.17).
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