To compute the average path length for a random graph we used the formula introduced by Fronczak et al. [ 69] as follows: (2) l random = ln N − γ ln 〈 k 〉 + 1 2, where γ = 0.5772 is Euler's constant.
After calculating the correlation coefficient using the formulae introduce in Sect.
It can be determined using the following formula introduced by Karanth (1987) (Table 7): {text{SAR}} = frac{{{text{Na}}^{{sqrt {({text{Ca}}^{2 + } + {text{Mg}}^{2 + } )/2} }} where sodium, calcium, and magnesium are in meq/L.The results of the SAR values indicated that all the ground-water samples of the study area collected during dry and wet seasons fall in "excellent" category for irrigation.
According to the formula introduced in [12], we have (2.3).
We usually use the following formula introduced by Bhattacharyya (1964) for the analytical expression of the contribution of a magnetization prism to the magnetic total intensity anomaly: (2)We use the notation of equation (10) in Bhattacharyya (1964).
Accordingly, we will use the energy formula introduced above to compute the energy consumption of two models: a cluster-based WSN model, a multi-agent-based WSN model.
By using the mathematical formulae introduced in this paper, four experimental models can be produced for engineering purposes.
Then, using the formula for the bounded solution, we introduce an operator that, together with the contraction mapping principle, helps in showing the existence of a unique bounded solution to the equation when the sequence ((q_{n})_{nin mathbb {N}_{0}}) is real, nonconstant and satisfies some additional conditions which will be specified later.
By using the formula for the bounded solution we introduce an operator that, together with the contraction mapping principle, helps in showing the existence of a unique bounded solution to the equation in the case where the sequence ((q_{n})_{nin mathbb {N}_{0}}) is real and nonconstant, which shows that, in this case, there is an elegant method of proving the result in a unified way.
The extragalactic extinction is calculated using the formula from.
