The concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides were determined using the enzymatic kits Fluitest® CHOL (Cat.-No. 4241) and Fluitest® TG (Cat.-No. 5741, Analyticon, Lichtenfels, Germany).
Glucose was measured using the enzymatic hexokinase kit from Roche on the Hitachi 917. Insulin was measured using microparticle enzyme immunoassay technology on the Abbott IMx analyzer.
The reaction solution was adjusted to pH 4 5, and the starch concentration was determined using the enzymatic method (F-kit starch, Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany).
Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed using the ChIP-IT Express Enzymatic kit no.
Several studies investigated the effects of flavonoids on FFA and TG levels after dietary intervention or cell culture exposure and used these enzymatic kits to determine the lipid levels in serum cq.
Throughout the alcoholic fermentation, the consumption of glucose was followed using an enzymatic kit Doles® (Goiânia, Brazil) and ethanol was monitored by HPLC (see next section).
The triglyceride content was measured using an enzymatic kit (Wako Triglyceride E-test, Wako Pure Chemical Ltd., Osaka, Japan).
The glycogen concentrations of the kidney were quantified as duplicates by using an enzymatic kit (EnzyChrom™ Glycogen Assay Kit, BioTrend, Cologne, Germany) on an Infinite M200 Tecan (Crailsheim, Germany) plate reader.
The serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration was determined using an enzymatic kit (Reckon Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd., Baroda, India).
Fermentation volume was either 2 L (for comprehensive volatile analysis) or 1 L. Fermentation progress was monitored by measurement of residual glucose and fructose using an enzymatic kit (GF2635, Randox, Crumlin, UK).
