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The phylogenetic tree was generated with MEGA4.0 software [ 49] using the distance model for amino acid substitution of Jones-Taylor-Thornton (JTT) matrix, the Neighbor-joining algorithm for clustering and 1000 replications for the bootstrap analysis.
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Finally, in the post-processing block (implemented in the R language), we look at the extracted trajectory of the fish from the model school and annotate each frame using the distance of the fish and model school as well as the speed of the fish.
Figure 2 Communication range R c and interference range R i of a link A-B using the distance-based interference model.
More specifically, the proposed method adopts Parzen windows, i.e., kernel density estimators, to estimate inter-camera space-time probabilities from the training data between each pair of cameras, and models the changes in human appearance using the distances between color models.
Other GenBank sequences included for comparison are listed in Table 2. Pairwise genetic distances were calculated by using the p distance model; percentage sequence identities were calculated by subtracting the genetic distances from 1.0 and multiplying by 100.
We separately created three models using the distances to the nearest retail store (Model 1), retail store or hawker site (Model 2) and retail store or shopping bus stop (Model 3).
Sequence divergences were calculated using the K2P distance model [13] and a NJ tree of distances [14] was created to provide a graphic representation of the patterning among-species divergences using MEGA3 [15], and BOLD [16].
These included the character-based maximum-likelihood (with/without a molecular clock) and maximum parsimony, as well as distance-based analysis (Fitch-Margoliash tree method using the Kimura distance model of nucleotide substitution).
This algorithm is designed using the distance-2 self-stabilizing model of computation.
Trees were generated with the same software using the genetic distance model of Jukes-Vantor with the 'Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean' (UPGMA) tree build method.
A neighbour-joining (NJ) phenogram was also constructed using the K2P distance model with a bootstrap test (1000 replicates) for all individuals with a COI sequence length >350 bp using MEGA version 4 [35].
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