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Northern blot analysis using the coding region of chimeric gene as a probe indicated the presence of transcripts in leaves of lines transformed with pUbI-DR-T, pUbI-D-T, or pUbI-R-T, but not in untransformed lines (Fig. 2a).
PCRs were performed using the coding region of the mature HsmtSSBwt cloned in pET11a vector as template, Pfu DNA polymerase (Stratagene) and standard laboratory methods.
Using the coding region mutation rate of 3,172 years [9] the adjusted divergence time for the P node should be moved up to approximately 20 ky.
The phylogenetic relationship of the Melilotus albus sequences and M. truncatula GS2 genes, using the coding region is presented in Figure 3.
However, by using the coding region of dog BCMP1 a significant match was identified with genomic sequences assigned to human chromosome 8 (clone RP11-31H18, EMBL/GenBacc acc. #: AC041003).
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In this study, the codon substitution rates were estimated by using the coding regions of thousands of human and chimpanzee genes and inferring their ancestral sequences by assuming macaque genes as the outgroup.
We designed PCR primers using the coding regions of two adjacent genes (the upstream of which being a ribosomal protein gene) and obtained PCR products spanning the intervening ribosomal 3' UTR.
To understand the effect of these genomic features such as GC content, gene density, and frequency of CpG islands on the rates of codon substitution, the rates of codon substitution were estimated by using the coding regions of thousands of human and chimpanzee genes and inferring their ancestral sequences by assuming macaque genes as the outgroup.
Table 2 uses the coding region (gene concatenate) in the four type-representative chromosomes to illustrates the difference between inverse symmetries in codons and 3-mers.
Specifically, this processing step used the coding region C identified in the initial analysis, and used getorf to identify all open reading frames (ORFs) in the same reading frame as C and overlapping C. For most elements (176 elements), this analysis found only one ORF, which covered C completely, which we then used as the final coding sequence.
The phylogenetic analyses were performed using the coding and non-coding regions (see methods).
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