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Branch lengths were transformed using the branch length method of Grafen [ 87].
The degree of conservation of a word within the gene family is scored using the branch length score (BLS).
For every word, the degree of conservation in each gene family is quantified using the branch length score (BLS).
Putative motifs are exhaustively enumerated as words over the IUPAC alphabet and screened for conservation using the branch length score.
The likelihood for each model was calculated with BayesDiscrete in the BayesTraits package [ 66], using the branch length estimates and character coding as above.
These are sets of TFBSs that are predicted to be gained (or lost) at the same inner node of the species tree, and they are then scored using the branch length score as proposed by [ 41].
Similar(54)
Substitution information can easily be obtained by using the branch lengths of the phylogenetic input tree.
Once the time points have been associated with the parental vertex and child vertex of a pseudogenization vertex u of G, a time point can easily be associated with u, using the branch lengths of the incident edges.
To determine why these two methods are giving drastically different results, we simulated the evolutionary history of UCP1 using the branch-lengths given by the M0 global model, the global ω estimate of 0.1134, and the Evolver program in the PAML 4a package (Additional file 2).
We did not use the branch lengths from our Bayesian analysis (described below) because this would have introduced circularity into the simulations.
For the mammalian portion of the phylogeny we used the branch lengths of Bininda-Emonds et al. [ 123].
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