Sentence examples for using surrogate measures of from inspiring English sources
Several prior studies using surrogate measures of IR (mainly HOMA-IR) report IR as a predictor of nonresponse to anti-HCV therapy (9, 12– 12).
Other indirect evidence that components of fossil fuel combustion are important comes from studies using surrogate measures of particle composition such as black smoke, proximity of homes to traffic, or source apportionment data.
Therefore, we measured progression to healing using surrogate measures of healing, BMD and gap area, because efficacy with LIPUS had previously been established in a Level-I randomized controlled trial of fresh long bone fractures [ 1] as well as in delayed unions and nonunions reported in a large patient registry [ 5, 10], and in several single arm studies [ 8- 12].
Fourth, we used surrogate measures of insulin sensitivity and secretion.
Furthermore, quantitative studies that used surrogate measures of adherence (e.g. blood pressure) were excluded.
Other authors have used surrogate measures of RBF and measured renal vascular resistive indices in critically ill patients.
Like most studies, we used surrogate measures of paternal involvement, including an indirect relationship type measure as well as a more direct measure of paternal support.
We used surrogate measures of adiposity (e.g., BMI and waist circumference), which are merely proxy indicators of visceral fat, a stronger predictor of insulin resistance.
These data are consistent, however, with data from several other studies that have used surrogate measures of central and abdominal adiposity such as BMI and waist circumference (9– 11).
Studies that use surrogate measures of insulin resistance and β-cell function indicate that insulin resistance and insulin secretion are major determinants of type 2 diabetes (1– 4).
Although these studies typically adjusted for tobacco smoking, most used surrogate measures of exposure based on occupational titles; thus, the results did not weigh heavily in the evaluation.
